a short film NOT MADE BY ME!!!!
about the industrial revolution...
it's simple and easy to understand.
FIRST DRAFT OF INDUSTRIA
“Anyone who believes that any great enterprise of an industrial character can be started without labor must have little experience of life.” -William Graham Sumner. The industrial revolution was both a time of poverty and a time of wealth, depending on who you asked. Machines began influencing every walk of human life. No stone was left unturned.
Starting in the late 1700s there began a transition in parts of Great Britain’s previous manual and horse labor to more efficient and faster machine labor.
It began with the mechanization of textile industries, the development and refinement of steel-making processes and the increased use of fossil fuels (coal). Efficient travel was enabled by the introduction of canals, improved road networks, railway lines, and durable iron bridges. The introduction of coal fired steam power, wider utilization of water power, and powered manufacturing underpinned the massive increases in manufacturing capacity. The development of all-metal machine tools in the first two decades of the 19th century facilitated the manufacture of more production machines for manufacturing in other industries. The effects spread like brisk wildfire throughout Europe and North America during the 19th century, eventually affecting most of the world, a process that continues today as industrialization. The impact of this change on society was massive and permanent.
The commencement of the industrial revolution was underpinned by several small yet important innovations, such as the Spinning Jenny, the Steam engine, and the Bessemer process. The Spinning jenny allowed people to produce more yarn, the steam engine allowed for faster production and travel in the form of factories and trains respectively, and the Bessemer process allowed steel, a previously scarce and extremely expensive commodity, to be mass produced. These innovations were the main causes of the industrial revolution.
Industrialization led to the creation of the factory; however, the rise and adoption of the factory came somewhat later, when cotton spinning was mechanized. The factory system was largely responsible for the rise of the modern city, as herds of workers moved into cities in search of jobs. Nowhere was this better illustrated than the mills of Manchester, nicknamed "Cottonopolis", and arguably the world's first industrialized city. For much of the 19th century, production was done in small mills, which were mostly powered by water and on a small scale. The road to industrialization was not free of potholes, however. For example, a group of English workers known as Luddites formed to protest against industrialization and sometimes sabotaged factories.
Industrial change also made possible the growth of capitalism and the free market. Factory owners and others who controlled the means of production rapidly became very rich. The Industrial revolution also brought about a change in the nation's political structure, as capitalists gradually replaced agrarian land owners as leaders of the nation's economy and power structure. Working conditions were often horrible for many of those employed in the new factory systems. Work places were badly ventilated, over-crowded, and replete with safety hazards, including, but not limited to, dangerous blades, fast spinning cogs, noxious fumes, and loud noise. People of all ages and of both sexes alike were employed at minimal wages in dangerous and unhealthy environments, with many falling ill from the hellish work conditions. Workers were often able to afford no more than the shoddiest housing, resulting in the rise of urban slums. Stories of the unbelievable work conditions in mines, textile factories, and other industrial plants soon became a staple of Victorian literature.
One consequence of these conditions was that action was eventually taken to protect workers—especially females and the young—from the abuses of the factory system. Laws were passed requiring safety standards in factories, setting minimum age limits for young workers, minimum wage, and requiring basic worker benefits. Workers themselves initiated activities to protect their own interests, the most important of which may have been the establishment of the first trade unions. However, trade unions did not see a great many successes until near the very end of the 18th century, due initially to hostile and determined industrialists.
Overall, the industrial revolution was both a boom and a boon for Great Britain, with many positive effects, and many negative effects. The Industrial Revolution changed the world in a manner that very few other developments in the world have. The mainly local and isolated feudal-medieval economy was made a thing of the past and the world became increasingly interconnected.
FINAL DRAFT OF INDUSTRIA
“Anyone who believes that any great enterprise of an industrial character can be started without labor must have little experience of life.” -William Graham Sumner. The industrial revolution was both a time of poverty and a time of wealth, depending on who you asked. Machines began influencing every walk of human life. No stone was left unturned.
Starting in the late 1700s there began a transition in parts of Great Britain’s previous manual and horse labor to more efficient and faster machine labor.
It began with the mechanization of textile industries, the development and refinement of steel-making processes and the increased use of fossil fuels (coal). Efficient travel was enabled by the introduction of canals, improved road networks, railway lines, and durable iron bridges. The introduction of coal fired steam power, wider utilization of water power, and powered manufacturing underpinned the massive increases in manufacturing capacity. The development of all-metal machine tools in the first two decades of the 19th century facilitated the manufacture of more production machines for manufacturing in other industries. The effects spread like brisk wildfire throughout Europe and North America during the 19th century, eventually affecting most of the world, a process that continues today as industrialization. The impact of this change on society was massive and permanent.
The commencement of the industrial revolution was underpinned by several small yet important innovations. Samuel Crompton's Spinning Mule (a combination of the Spinning Jenny and the Water Frame) was patented in 1769 and came out of patent in 1783. The end of the paten on the spinning mule was rapidly followed by the massive expansion of the textiles industry. The improved steam engine invented by James Watt and patented in 1775 was initially mainly used for pumping water, but from the 1780s found a new application when it was discovered how to transfer the power of the machine to circular motion. This enabled rapid development of efficient semi-automated factories on a massive scale in places devoid of rivers. In the Iron industry, coke was finally applied to all stages of iron smelting, replacing charcoal. This had been achieved much earlier for lead and copper as well as for producing pig iron in a blast furnace. These three innovations were the main causes of the industrial revolution.
Industrialization led to the creation of the factory; however, the rise and adoption of the factory came somewhat later, when cotton spinning was mechanized. The factory system was largely responsible for the rise of the modern city, as herds of workers moved into cities in search of jobs. Nowhere was this better illustrated than the mills of Manchester, nicknamed "Cottonopolis", and arguably the world's first industrialized city. For much of the 19th century, production was done in small mills, which were mostly powered by water and on a small scale. The road to industrialization was not free of potholes, however. For example, a group of English workers known as Luddites formed to protest against industrialization and sometimes sabotaged factories.
Industrial change also made possible the growth of capitalism and the free market. Factory owners and others who controlled the means of production rapidly became very rich. The Industrial revolution also brought about a change in the nation's political structure, as capitalists gradually replaced agrarian land owners as leaders of the nation's economy and power structure. Working conditions were often horrible for many of those employed in the new factory systems. Work places were badly ventilated, over-crowded, and replete with safety hazards, including, but not limited to, dangerous blades, fast spinning cogs, noxious fumes, and loud noise. People of all ages and of both sexes alike were employed at minimal wages in dangerous and unhealthy environments, with many falling ill from the hellish work conditions. Workers were often able to afford no more than the shoddiest housing, resulting in the rise of urban slums. Stories of the unbelievable work conditions in mines, textile factories, and other industrial plants soon became a staple of Victorian literature.
One consequence of these conditions was that action was eventually taken to protect workers—especially females and the young—from the abuses of the factory system. Laws were passed requiring safety standards in factories, setting minimum age limits for young workers, minimum wage, and requiring basic worker benefits. Workers themselves initiated activities to protect their own interests, the most important of which may have been the establishment of the first trade unions. However, trade unions did not see a great many successes until near the very end of the 18th century, due initially to hostile and determined industrialists.
Overall, the industrial revolution was both a boom and a boon for Great Britain, with many positive effects, and many negative effects. The Industrial Revolution changed the world in a manner that very few other developments in the world have. The mainly local and isolated feudal-medieval economy was made a thing of the past and the world became increasingly interconnected.
REFLECTION!!!
1.
a) Which main topic does the artifact relate to? In what ways?
The artifact relates to Invention, since invention was the start of the industrial revolution.
b) Which other main topics does it also relate to?
Nation, Imperialism, West to east, Nation.
2. Why did you choose this artifact, and how much time did you spend creating and/or processing it?
I chose it because my teach told me to, and I spent 2 hours on it
3. What insights and understanding have you gained from the creation and/or processing of this artifact?
That a good music track can make up for boring pictures
4. Does this artifact reflect your best work and/or ideas? Why, or why not?
Yes, Because I thought it out analytically , and worked hard on it.
5. Rate this artifact on a scale of -5 to 5 (0 is neutral) for the following 4 criterion:
a) Impact on the quality of your Portfolio
4
b) Impact on your level of happiness/enjoyment
1
c) Impact on your learning
-5
d) Level of creativity and originality
-5
6. Any additional comments.
I worked on and off of the first draft for 2 to three days. I am awful at writing closing statements, and I had to puzzle out my closing word by word.
CREDIT
where I first started thinking about the industrial revolution as a whole.
